Journal is indexed in following databases:
- SCOPUS
- Web of Science Core Collection - Journal Citation Reports
- EBSCOhost
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- TRID Database - Transportation Research Board
- Index Copernicus Journals Master List
- BazTech
- Google Scholar
2023 Journal Impact Factor - 0.7
2023 CiteScore - 1.4
ISSN 2083-6473
ISSN 2083-6481 (electronic version)
Editor-in-Chief
Associate Editor
Prof. Tomasz Neumann
Published by
TransNav, Faculty of Navigation
Gdynia Maritime University
3, John Paul II Avenue
81-345 Gdynia, POLAND
e-mail transnav@umg.edu.pl
Validation of a Behavioral Marker System for Rating Cadet’s Non-Technical Skills
1 Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
2 Portuguese Naval School, Lisbon, Portugal
3 University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
4 Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Linköping, Sweden
2 Portuguese Naval School, Lisbon, Portugal
3 University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
4 Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Linköping, Sweden
Times cited (SCOPUS): 7
ABSTRACT: Simulator-based training assumes a very important role in the maritime domain, particularly in the education of Officers Of the Watch (OOW). In the Portuguese Navy, most of the cadet’s skills as future OOW rely on the success of this training. Beyond theory and technical training, the development of non-technical skills is a key factor for obtaining officers capable of identifying and solving problems. To optimize the training and development of non-technical skills, using the Portuguese Naval Academy Simulator, a previously designed Behavioral Marker System model was further assessed. The revised model, which comprises new parameters such as the effectiveness of the task, was validated through a set of simulated sessions, where 11 instructors and 48 students participated. After each session, data was collected with questionnaires and focus group discussion, focusing on the quality and usability of the model and on the design of the scenario. The results show that the revised model, positively addresses the limitations found on the previous version, and it has received encouraging feedback from both instructors and cadets. This new model is now under implementation in all the Naval Academy course programs, and future research aims to digitalize the behavior markers.
KEYWORDS: Maritime Education and Training (MET), Officer of the Watch (OOW), Non-Technical Skills (NTS), MET System in Portugal, Behavioral Marker System, Rating Cadets, Naval Academies, Crew Qualification Improvement
REFERENCES
Barnett, M., Gatfield, D. & Habberley, J., 2002. Shipboard crisis management: A Case Study. In RINA, Royal Institution of Naval Architects International Conference - Human Factors in Ship Design, Safety and Operation. London, United Kingdom, pp. 131–145.
Barnett, M., Gatfield, D. & Pekcan, C., 2006. Non-technical skills: the vital ingredient in world maritime technology? In Proceedings of the International Conference on World Maritime Technology. London: Institute of Marine engineering, Science and technology.
Bué, I.M.G., Lopes, F.C. & Semedo, Á., 2015. The Use of the Portuguese Naval Academy Navigation Simulator in Developing Team Leadership Skills. TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, (June), pp.83–88. - doi:10.1201/b18515-13
Ceitil, M., 2016. Gestão e Desenvolvimento de Competências 2a Edição. M. Robalo, ed., Lisboa: Edições Sílabo.
Deist, F.D. Le & Winterton, J., 2005. What Is Competence? Human Resource Development International, 8(1), pp.27–46. - doi:10.1080/1367886042000338227
Elashkar, M.A., 2016. the Use of Simulation Techniques in the Development of Non-Technical Skills for Marine Officers. International Journal of General Engineering and Technology (IJGET), 5(5), pp.19–26.
Ericsson, A.K. et al. eds., 2006. The Cambridge Handbook of Expertise and Expert Performance, Cambridge University Press. - doi:10.1017/CBO9780511816796
Fjeld, G.P., Tvedt, S.D. & Oltedal, H., 2018. Bridge officers’ non-technical skills: a literature review. WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs. - doi:10.1007/s13437-018-0158-z
Flin, R., O’Connor, P. & Crichton, M., 2008. Safety at the sharp end: a guide to non-technical skills, Aldershot England: Ashgate.
Flin, R.H. & Martin, L., 2001. Behavioral Markers for Crew Resource Management: A Review of Current Practice. International Journal of Aviation Psychology, 11(1), pp.95–118. - doi:10.1207/S15327108IJAP1101_6
Grech, M.R., Horberry, T.J. & Koester, T., 2008. Human Factors in the Maritime Domain, London: CRC Press.
Hetherington, C., Flin, R. & Mearns, K., 2006. Safety in shipping: The human element. Journal of Safety Research, 37(4), pp.401–411. - doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2006.04.007
Hontvedt, M., 2015. Professional vision in simulated environments - Examining professional maritime pilots’ performance of work tasks in a full-mission ship simulator. Learning, Culture and Social Interaction, 7(November 2015), pp.71–84. - doi:10.1016/j.lcsi.2015.07.003
Klampfer, B. et al., 2001. Enhancing Performance in High Risk Environments, Recommendations for the Use of Behavioural Markers. In Behavioral Markers Workshop, GIHRE. Zürich, Switzerland.: Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz Foundation.
Manuel, M.E., 2011. Maritime Risk and Organizational Learning, Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate.
Mjeldea, F.V. et al., 2016. Military teams – A demand for resilience. Work, 54, pp.283–294. - doi:10.3233/WOR-162298
O’Connor, P., 2011. Assessing the Effectiveness of Bridge Resource Management Training. The International Journal of Aviation Psychology, 21(4), pp.357–374. - doi:10.1080/10508414.2011.606755
O’Connor, P. & Long, W.M., 2011. The development of a prototype behavioral marker system for US Navy officers of the deck. Safety Science, 49(10), pp.1381–1387. - doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2011.05.009
Oltedal, H.A. & Lützhöft, M., 2018. Managing Maritime Safety, Oxon: Routledge. - doi:10.4324/9780203712979
Pacheco, J., Caetano, A. & Tavares, S.M., 2015. Is training leaders in functional leadership a useful tool for improving the performance of leadership functions and team effectiveness? The Leadership Quarterly, 26(3), pp.470–484. - doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2015.02.010
Pekcan, C., Gatfield, D. & Barnett, M., 2005. Content and Context: Understanding the complexity of human behaviour in ship operation. In RINA, Royal Institution of Naval Architects International Conference - Human Factors in Ship Design, Safety and Operation, 23-24 February. London, United Kingdom, pp. 99–107.
Salas, E. et al., 2006. Does Crew Resource Management Training Work? An Update, an Extension, and Some Critical Needs. Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 48(2), pp.392–412. - doi:10.1518/001872006777724444
Sampson, H., Gekara, V. & Bloor, M., 2011. Water-tight or sinking? A consideration of the standards of the contemporary assessment practices underpinning seafarer licence examinations and their implications for employers. Maritime Policy & Management, 38(1), pp.81–92. - doi:10.1080/03088839.2010.533713
Santos, J., Caetano, A. & Jesuíno, C., 2008. As competências funcionais dos líderes e a eficácia das equipas. Revista Portuguesa e Brasileira de Gestão, 7, pp.22–33.
Sellberg, C., 2017. From briefing, through scenario, to debriefing: the maritime instructor’s work during simulator-based training. Cognition, Technology and Work, (November), pp.1–14. - doi:10.1007/s10111-017-0446-y
Sellberg, C., 2016. Simulators in bridge operations training and assessment: a systematic review and qualitative synthesis. WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs, (November), pp.1–17 - doi:10.1007/s13437-016-0114-8
Citation note:
da Conceição V.F.P., Mendes J.B., Teodoro M.F., Dahlman J.: Validation of a Behavioral Marker System for Rating Cadet’s Non-Technical Skills. TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, Vol. 13, No. 1, doi:10.12716/1001.13.01.08, pp. 89-96, 2019
Other publications of authors:
File downloaded 502 times
